Refer to my previous posting, I am already talking about advantages and disadvantages of custom PC and manufactured PC. Now, it's about what are the most importance component or hardware that are needed to build your own PC.
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Processor/Central Processing Unit (CPU)
What is a CPU ???The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the most important part of your computer known as "brain of a computer". It is responsible for executing commands from other computer components and also for controlling them. Without a CPU the computer doesn't work even if you push very hard the start button. Two popular processors manufacturers are Intel and AMD.
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Motherboard
The motherboard is the backbone and nervous system of your computer and the part to which all your other components attach. It also contains USB ports and other ports, and possibly Wi-Fi and Bluetooth radios. You need to ensure that your motherboard is compatible with all of your chosen parts and that it fits in your computer case.
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Memory
Graphics Card
Storage
Random access memory, or RAM, allows computers to access files quickly and run multiple processes at once without lagging. If you want extra RAM in a pre-built machine, it’s almost a given that you will pay way over market value.
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Depending on the type of system you’re building, the graphics card may be optional.
If you’re building a gaming PC, then you should pick a good graphics card first so that you can build the rest of your system around it. For non-gaming PCs, modern Intel and AMD CPUs have integrated graphics support and will suffice. Most low-end to mid-range PCs make do with this
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For storage, your choices are between a traditional hard disk drive (HDD) (cheaper, much higher capacity, slower) and a solid state drive (SSD) (smaller, lower capacity, much faster). Some higher end systems make use of both, with the operating system stored on the SSD for best performance and data stored on the larger but slower HDD. For the average user, it’s enough to get one. Whether you should pick HDD or SSD will depend on your personal preference.
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Power Supply
The power supply is another area where it’s easy to cut costs. The benefits of paying more include getting a modular unit (which improves airflow within the case) and greater energy efficiency (which may give you savings in the long term). A power supply unit (or PSU) may be the most unappreciated of components, but without it, nothing else will work, so don't forget to give it the thought it deserves.
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Case
There are a huge array of case sizes. The most important thing is that it fits your motherboard and all the components attached to it.
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Operating System
Let's watch the video